Oil burner



4mmh 24, 1925.l A1,530,473

' A. H. BALLARD Patented Mar. 24, 1925'.

prima H. BALLARD, or Bos'roN, xnssacnusn'rrs.

omnummn. l

Application Med'Fclguary 4, 1922. Serial lo. 534,061.

To all whom t may concern: f

Be it known that I, ARTHUR H. BALLABI?, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Boston, county of Suffolk, Comat rest.

n'ionwealth of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Oil Burners, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is .,a specification, like characters on the drawings representing like parts.

This invention .relates to oil burners and consists more particularly in improvements in oil `burners of the rotary type.

The invention will be best understood by' reference 'to the following descriptiontaken in connection with the accompanying. illusi tration of one specific embodiment thereof, while its -scope will be more particularly pointed outl in the appended claims.

In the drawings, y

Fig. 1 is an elevation partly in longitudinal section showing a burner embodying one form of the invention;

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional elevation on an enlarged scale taken on the -line 2-2 in Fig. 1; v

Fig. 3 is a side elevation on an enlarged scale in partial section showing one form of automatic fuel controlled valve;

Fig. 4 is a sectional elevation of some of the parts illustrated in Fig. 3 and showing the fingers ot a centrifugal device moved radially outward.

Fig. 5 is a plan view showing connections between some of the valve controlling parts; an

Fig. 6 shows the parts of a centrifugal device with the fingers movedinwardly to the position they assume when the motor is Referring vto the drawings and to the) embodiment of the invention therein dis-` closed, I have .there illustrated the same as applied to a rotary burner of the general` class illustrated in my prior Patent No. 1,294,026, dated February 11,' 1919, b'ut it .is to be understood that the invention as to many of its feature'smay have useful application to widely different types of apparatus.

In the .form of burner-illustrated, the oil or other fuel is delivered to a rapidly rotating nozzle, herein in the form of a cup or sleeve 7, havingan open mouth from whichthe oil is discharged bycentrifugal action, the oil on leaving the mouth of the nozzle being further atomi'zed by the action of an annular column of air delivered by a stationary annular air. nozzle 9 surroundlng the o1l nozzle, but preferably separated therefrom by an intervening sleeve or par? t1t1onn11, so as to prevent the cooling effect Y .of the air on the oil or other fuel and to permit the 'preheating of the latter by rheat tradiated from the combustion chamber.

The mouth piece of the nozzle 7 is preferably thickened so as to extend the dellvery to the outer periphery of the partition 11, which latter terminates just within said thickened portion. The air nozzle 9 preferably extends beyond the end of sai'd partition 11 to conduct the air directly against the fuel delivery edge of said nozzle.

To rotate the oil delivery nozzle or cup, the latter has a. hub 13 which has threaded eoY . edge of the nozzle laterally approximately.

attachment to the end of a main drive shaft the frame of casing for the journal bearings.

To deliver oil to the rotary nozzle there is provided a stationary oil delivery me-mber in the form of a sleeve 29 secured to the stationary bearing plate 31 and surrounding'1 the driving shaft 15.. 'I'he oil de.- livery member has a reduced end which projects through the open backof the rotary nozzle and has an oil delivery passage 33 connecting with an oil supply pipe 3,5, Yby means of which the oil delivered through the pipe is forced to travel through the passage 33 and enters the rear end of the rotarylnozzle or cup. Oil thus entering the cup is discharged from the mouth thereof by a centrifugal action. The' stationary oil delivery sleeve leaves a relatively small `clearance where it enters therear end of the cup, so that the oil delivered to the vcup is prevented from backin up byA vthe lip formed by the bottom o the cup, while'it tain an even delivery and to prevent' any tendency of the oil to back up, the nozzle itself is not only slightly tapered or flared from' the inner toward the outer end, but there is perferably provided mechanical means for advancing the oil within the nozzle while the latter is being rotated, the

same herein comprising radial arms 37 nozzles, and also preferably mounted on and driven by the main driving shaft 15. Herein for that purpose, vthe fan or blower comprises the front and back fan plates 39 and 41 rovided with suitable blades and carrie by the fan spider 43, the latter being keyed or otherwise secured to the drive shaft 15 to rotate therewith. Thefan is enclosed within the fan casing 45, which latter is secured to the motor bracket 27 and also affords a support for the bearings 19 for the drive shaft. Adjacent the bearings, the fan casingf is provided with air admission passages 47 controlled by a valve or shutter 49, the spider, fan plates and blades also provi-ding suitable air passages so that the air drawn in through the shutter is delivered radially to the end of the casing` about the edges of the baffle plate 51, and through passages 53 formed between the baille plate and the fan casing cover 55, into the rear of the air nozzle 9 and outside of the intermediate sleeve 11. The fan casing cover serves as a support not only for the air nozzle, but for the oil delivery member and the parts connected thereto including the intermediate sleeve 11.

When the motor 25 is operated the drive shaft 15 being rapidly turned, the fan and the oil nozzle are simultaneously rotated, thereby delivering simultaneously a supply of oiland air to the respective oil and air nozzles. The oil is delivered to the supply pipe 35 from a main supply pipe 57, the latter being controlled by a suitable regulating valve 59. The oil may be supplied under a suitable head by means of a pump, but such head is preferably maintained through gravity, by placing the tank (not. shown) at a suitable elevation, through the supply pipe 57 under control of the valve 59.

variation in the other, and this maybe secured by simultaneously moving the air valve or shutter 49 and a suitable oil supply valve, but the purpose and manner of such control being fully explained in my aforesaid patent the details are not herein shown.

Should the motor stop or fall below the required speed the air supply would also cease or fall below what is requisite, and the oil nozzle would also fail properly to function. ln order automatically to regulate the oil supply under such conditions, and particularly where the oil is fed by means independent of the motor 25, the regulating valve 59 is provided with means whereby the stoppage of the motor or its failure to operate above a cert-ain speed, will insure that the supply of oil is cut oil' or reduced. For this purpose the vlave 59, which may be either a cut-olf valve or, if an oil pump is employed, a by-pass valve, is connected (Fig. 5) to an arm 61, the end of which carries a weight 63, the arrangement being such that when the weight is free'to drop the arm will be swung down and the valve closed.

The valve controlling weight is normally held (Figs. 1 and 3) in its upper position during the operation of the burner by means of a catch 65 which underlies the bent end of the linger 67 carried by the weight 63." The catch 65 is secured to the end of a shaft 69 mounted to turn in the motor bracket 27 and carrying a segment 71 provided with a peripheral notch 73 and a projecting lug 75. During the'operation of the burner, the catch and segment are held kin the weight-supporting position (shown in full lines in Fig. 5) by means of the downwardly projecting detent 77 which engages the notch 3. If the detent be lifted, however, the segment is r'eleased and will turn to the dotted line position shown in Fig. 3, where the 'lug 75 abuts against the detent, the catch 65 swingingr down to the dotted line position shown, permitting the weight to drop and the valve to close. y

The vertical position of the detent is controlled by the speed of the motor. When running at full speed it is allowed to fall to the full line position shown in Fig. 3, where itis effective to retain the weight in a valve-opening position). When the motor stops the detent will lift, allowing the weight to close the valve. For this purpose the detent is carried by the lower end of the slide rod 79 guided for vertical movement in thc sleeve 81 and having its upper end secured by the bent portion 83 to `a centrifugal device carried by theA driving shaft or part connected `thereto. Any suitable centrifugal device may be employed, but herein is utilized a well known form consisting of a plate 85 secured to the base of the flexible coupling 2,1, and on which are pivoted at equi-distant intervals and at the points 86 Awhich the bent Vend 83 of the slide rod enters. When the motor is rotated it is driven at full speed, for they move outward on thelr pivots, into the position shown" Fig.

4, 'enlargingthe diameter of this opening and permitting the slide rod to move downwardly.

When the motor is started and attains full speed, but not until then, the weighted arm 61 may be lifted and held lifted through the operation of the catch 65 and the detent 77. At any time the motor stops, however, the detent lifts, the weight drops and the valve closes.

Preferably means are also provided whereb v the vvalve 59 maybe closed and oil supply shut olf automatically in case the fuel back of the burner nozzle catches fire, either through the accumulation of oil beneath the burner or for any other reason. To this end, there is provided a suitable thermally responsive device which at the proper temperature causes the closure of the valve. This may be employed in any desired form, but herein the catch 65 (Figs.f 3 and 5) is secured to the shaft 69 by means of a fusible link 93, the latter being fastened at one end l to the catch .65 and at the opposite end to the plate 95 which is screwed or otherwise fastened to the squaredend of the shaft 69.

In the case of fire, the link 93 will fuse breaking the connection between the catch and the plate 95, releasing the finger 67 and allowing the weight to fall and the valve to close; v

-Y While for the purposes of illustration I have herein shown one specific embodiment thereof. it is to be understood that the same is not limited tothe details herein shown or to the specific form or relative arrangementV of parts il1ustrated,but thatA extensive deviations therefrom may bev made without departure from the spirit of the invention,

and that the same is susceptible of application to widely varying types of apparatus. Claims: `1.' In a rotary oil burner, a rotary oil delivery nozzle, an oil supply conduit. an air nozzle surrounding the oil nozzle, apres- 4sure creating device Vfor deliveringr air to said air nozzle, a valve for'the oil supply operable in thenormal usage of the burner t'o control the oil supply, means tending to move said valve to shut olf the oil supply fromV the oil 4delivery nozzle, and means including a fusible member to hold said valve in position to maintain said supply.

2; In a rotary oil burner, a rotary oil delivery nozzle, an 'air supply conduit, an air nozzle surrounding the oil nozzle, a pressure creating device for delivering air to said air nozzle, a motor for rotating the oil delivery nozzle and pressure creating device, a valve for the oil supply, ay weighted arm tending to move said valve to shut olf the oil supply from the oil delivery'nozzle, and a releasable catch device including a fusible member to hold said valve in position to-maintain'said supply.

v3. In a rotary oil burner, a rotary oil,delivery nozzle, an oil supply'conduit, an air nozzle surrounding the oil nozzle, a pressure creating device for delivering air to said air nozzle, 'a motor for rotating said oil delivery nozzle and said pressure creating device, a valve for theeoil supply. means vtending to move said valve to shut ofi` the oil supply from the oil delivery nozzle`a detent to hold said valve in position to maintain said supply, devices to withdraw said detent on the stoppage of the motor and including a fusible member to 'permit said valveto move to 'shut olf the oil supply on excessive rise of temperature.

4. In a rotary oil burner, a rotary o il delivery nozzle, an air nozzlesurrounding the oil nozzle, means for rotating the oil delivery nozzle, and means to shut olf the oil supply from the oil delivery nozzle either onthe stoppage ofthe rotation of the oil delivery nozzle or on an excessive rise in temperature.

5. In a rotary oil burner, a rotary oil delivery'nozzle located to deliver oil into a combustion chamber, means outside of the combustion chamber for rotating the same, a valve for the oil supply', means tending to move the valve to shut olf the oil supply from the oil delivery nozzle, and means including a fusible member to hold said valve in position to maintainv said supply or movable to `release said valve -topermit the shutting ofi' of the oil.

6. .In a rotary oil burner` .a 'rotary oil delivery nozzle adapted to deliver oil into 'a combustion chamber, means' outside of said combustion chamber for rotating the same, and means outsidev of the combustionchamber responsive to an excessive temperature thereat or to a predetermined reduction in speed of said nozzle for shutting oli the oil supplyfrom the oil delivery nozzle.

7. In a rotary oil burner, a rotary oil delivery nozzle adapted to deliver oil into .a combustion chamber, an oil supply conduit, an. air nozzle surrounding the'oil nozzle, a pressure creating device for delivering air to said air nozzle, and fusible temporary oil; controlling means responsive to an excessive temperature outside of said combustion chamber for shutting off the oil suplply to said oil delivery nozzle independen yl of the supply of air.

- 8. In a rotary oil burner, a rotary oil 'delivery nozzle, an air nozzle suLrounding the oil nozzle, a pressure creating device forV delivering air to said air nozzle, and thermally responsive controlling means for shutting olf the-oil supply to the oil delivery nozzle, said thermally responsive controlling means being also responsive to a decrease in speed of said nozzle.

9. In a rotary oil burner, a rotary oil delivery` nozzle, an air nozzle surrounding the oil nozzle, a pressure creating device for delivering air to said air nozzle, and thermally responsive means for controlling the oil supply to the oil delivery nozzle, said thermally responsive controlling means being also responsive to a decrease in speed of said nozzle.

10. In a rotary oil burner, a rotary oil delivery nozzle, an air nozzle surrounding delivering air to said air nozzle, and thermally responsive means for controlling the ysupply of oil irrespective of the control of the supply of air, said controlling means includi'ng a valve operable in the normal usage of the burner to control the oil supply.

11. In a rotary oil burner, a rotary oil delivery nozzle, a' pressure creating device, a motor for driving the nozzle and the pressure creating device, a motor driven shaft, said nozzle, device and motor shaft being arranged to turn about a substantially horizontal axis, a centrifugal device, a detent member adapted to be lifted when said motorA stops, a catch released by the lifting of said member, and an oil valve normally held open by said catch but adapted to close when the catch is released.

12. In a rotary oil burner, a rotary oil delivery nozzle, a motor for driving the same, a centrifugal device including a series of overlapping segments, a detent rod sus- Cil pended from said segments adapted Ito be lifted thereby when said motor stops, a catch released by the lifting of said rod, and an oil valve normally held open by said catch but adapted to close when the catch is released.

13. In a rotary oil burner, a rotary oil delivery device, an air delivery device, a pressure creating device for delivering air to said air delivery device, a motorfor drivmg sa1d pressure creating device, an oil controlling valve, means tending to move the valve to shut off the oil supply and means maintained by a predeterminedy by said motor irrespective of the pressure f air for holding said oil controlling valve open.

14:. In a rotary oil burner, a rotary oil delivery nozzle comprisin a sleeve, means for delivering oil to the inner end of the sleeve, means forr rotating the nozzle, an air nozzle surrounding sald rotary oil deliveryl nozzle, and an intermediate sleeve to keep the air outof contact withthe oil nozzle periphery, said air nozzle being prosurrounding said shaft and projecting into.

the' open inner end of the cup, said member Ipresenting Van oil delivery passage for delivery of oil into the cup, and means for rotating said shaft.

16. In an oil burner, a rotary atomizincgl cup having an 'open end and an inner en provided with an opening, a fixed oil delivery member having a portion provided with an oil passage projecting through the opuen inner end of the cup, and a driving shaft connected to turn said cup and passing through vsaid oil delivery member.

17. In a rotary oil burner, a rotary oil delivery nozzle located to deliver oil into a combustion chamber, means for rotating the oil delivery' nozzle, a valve forthe oil Supply, means tending to move the valve to shut olf the oil supply from the oil delivery A.nozzle, a-usible element, and speed controlled means tohold said fusible element in posi-l tion to maintain said oil valve open.

18. In a rotary oil burner, a rotary oil delivery nozzle located to deliver oil into a combustion chamber, means for rotating Y the oil delivery nozzle, a valve vfor the oil supply, means tending to move the valve to shut off the oil supply from the oil delivery nozzle, afusible element to hold said valve in osition to maintain said supply, and sp controlled means automatically to release said fusible element upon a predetermined reduction in speed.

19. In a rotary oill burner, a rotary oil delivery nozzle, a pressure creating device, a motor for driving the nozzle and pressure creating device, a motor driven shaft, a centrifugal device, a detent member adapted automatically to be vlifted by said centrifugal device when the of said motor decreases, a catch released by the lifting of said member, and an oil valve normallylheld o n by said catch but'adapted to close when til); catch is released.

20. In a rotary oil burner, a rotary oil de- Y by said patch but adapted provided with an opening, a fixed oil delivery member having a portion provided with an oil assage projecting through the open end o the cup and including a lipconstituting the terminus of said oil passage and a driving shaft connected to turn said cup and passing through said oil delivery member. y

22. In an oil burner, a rotary atomizing cup having a bottom provided with :an opening, a'fiXed oil delivery member having a portion provided With an oil passage projecting through the open bottom end of the cup and including an annular lip constitutin t-he terminus of said oil passage and a drlving shaft connected to turn said cup and passing through said oil delivery member.`

23. In a rotary oil burner, a rotary oil delivery nozzle, a pressure creating device, a motor for driving the nozzle and the pressure creating device, a. motor driven shaft, a centrifugal device, a detent member adapted to be lifted b-y said centrifugal device when said motor stops, a pivoted catch released by the lifting of .sa-id member, an oil valve normally held ope-n by said catch but adapted to close when the catch is released and means for effecting the interlocking of said detent member and said pivoted catch valve, means tending to move said valve to shut olf the oil supply from the oil delivery nozzle and means including a fusible menel ber to hold said valve in position to maintain said supply.

25. In a rotary oil burner, a rotary oil delivery nozzle, an oil supply conduit, an air nozzle surrounding the oil nozzle, a pressure creating device for delivering air to said air nozzle, a freely operable fuel -supply valve, means tending to move said valve to shut olf the oil supply from the o-il delivery nozzle, a fusible member to hold said valve in position to maintain said supply and speed responsive means for supporting said fusible member in its valve holding position. A

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this cification. p

RTHUR I-I. BALLARD. 

